I wrote out of disgust for the war

Jostein Gaarder sticks to the intentions behind his controversial critique of Israel's conduct in recent fighting in Lebanon, but admits that the approach chosen was 'problematic'.

"I must admit that the reactions have been stronger than I expected. But now it is over for my part. Starting today I have no intention of further comment on this matter," Gaarder told Aftenposten.

"Now it can run its course without my participation. But I hope that in a month or a year I can think back and not regret what I have done. I don't regret it today at least," Gaarder said.

The reactions to Gaarder's editorial "God's chosen people", published on Saturday, have been ferocious. The author of the bestselling "Sophie's World" has been accused of being anti-Semitic, muddled, ignorant and mixing an ill assortment of themes. He now admits that he would have chosen a different form for trying to make his point if he were to do it again.

"I said in advance that my greatest fear was to offend Jews and when I now see that I have done this I have to ask myself what could have been done differently. First and foremost I would have tried to differentiate more clearly between religion and how religion is used politically and rhetorically in Israel," Gaarder said.

"Also, I think it is sad that the debate has turned away from my intention, namely to confront the war Israel is waging... but I must also point out that I have received hundreds of encouraging and supportive mails and messages, much more than would have thought from the debate in newspapers and other media. The support also concerns the style of the article."

Form and content
Gaarder is asked if he could expect to urge reconciliation from Israel while writing in the manner of biblical prophecy, and if he should not have given greater thought to the consequences of his article and the mood of anger that inspired it.

"Perhaps. It is a bit early to say. Let us see how the debate develops. I see that the rhetorical devices chosen were debatable. On the other hand, I am a writer. The piece is written in literary style, formed as a prophecy. And I am absolutely not about to retreat from the content, despite the clarifications I have now given you. I have long thought of confronting Israel and the abuse of religion for political ends taking place in Israel itself. I drafted this with several Middle East experts before I published it. Many Israelis have messianic ideas about their nation and the war being waged. They believe the land is given them by God. This is naive and dangerous. I believe we must confront this type of thinking - no matter where we find it. 'God bless America' says President George W. Bush. Why can't he say 'God bless the world'?", Gaarder said.

Worries
Gaarder said that calls like those of Professor Helge Høibraaten, who wrote that he should 'shut his face', only remind him of those who ask for an author's books to be burned. Gaarder confirms that he has been frightened by the reactions.

"It is correct that I have started to look over my shoulder when I walk down the street. Not that I have any objective reason to do so, it could well be just that I am just a bit crazy. And I have no fear at all of being attacked by Norwegian Jews. They are very peaceful people," Gaarder said.

'Laughable obsessions'
Gaarder is asked about the passage "we laugh at this people's obsessions", one of the article's flashpoints.

"...We must ask: Is it so that we can discuss some religions and not others? Some aspects of a religion and not others? It must be possible to put forth religious criticism in the public sphere. We have traditions for this in Norway. Arnulf Øverland wrote "Christianity - the tenth plague" in the 1930s and was accused of blasphemy. This is over and done with," Gaarder said, and goes on to stress the importance of using freedom of speech, and that it must be possible to have such discussions without being branded an anti-Semite.

"I have said it countless times and I can repeat it again: I am a humanist, not an anti-Semite. Both the Jewish and Greek traditions of thought are part of the foundation on which I stand. My article was written from disgust for the war, and the assault of the Israeli war machine ... and I also condemn Hezbollah's missiles over Israel, to make that clear," Gaarder said.

Mohammed caricatures
Gaarder paused when asked if he would have published the caricatures of the prophet Mohammed that set off violent reactions in the Muslim world last winter.

"I have seen the drawings and didn't like them. I have seen caricatures of Jesus, too, and don't like that either. So if I had been the editor I would not have printed the Mohammed drawings. Of course I don't mean that it should be forbidden, but that I personally would not have done it," Gaarder said.

"It has to do with giving offense. This is not the type of religious criticism I want. I don't want to offend people. That is also why I say that the only thing that I am truly sorry about my article is that it has been hurtful."

 http://www.aftenposten.no/english/local/article1415414.ece

Aftenposten's Norwegian reporter
Per Anders Madsen
Aftenposten English Web Desk
Jonathan Tisdall

www.safsaf.org

Frightened by reactions

Author Jostein Gaarder is shocked by the backlash after his volatile opinion article in Aftenposten criticizing Israel's recent actions in Lebanon. The piece has fired fierce debate on political, religious and cultural fronts

"For the first time in my life I have begun to look over my shoulder," Gaarder said after his article was published in Aftenposten on Saturday.

The article, titled "God's chosen people" has since been compared with Adolf Hitler's "Mein Kampf".

"The last few days have been tough. The language in the debate has been so hard that I have been frightened," Gaarder, best known for the novel Sophie's World, told newspaper Dagbladet.

"Being compared to "Mein Kampf" and called an anti-Semite was the hardest. That hurt me. My conscience drove me to write a text urging Israel to reconcile - it is far from anti-Semitic," Gaarder said.

But Gaarder's imagery and angles of argumentation have drawn fire from several sectors, even those who may share his intention of constructive criticism. Censure from fellow authors has also followed.

Roy Jacobsen interpreted Gaarder's piece as more of a religious outburst than a realistic political commentary. "This is a defensive war. All nations would do the same if they, like Israel, were attacked by missiles launched from a foreign state by a gangster militia," Jacobsen told newspaper VG.

Novelist Erik Fosnes Hansen criticized Gaarder's foray into religion.

"I don't believe this is wise. He should have stayed away from what Jewish belief. It is irrelevant to the matter. This is not about religion, it is about politics," Hansen told VG.

Other writers support Gaarder's intentions and feel the negative reactions are due to angry digressions from his point.

"I think the reactions to Gaarder's article are absolutely appalling. It is clear that Gaarder is a victim of people not reading the article properly," novelist Unni Lindell told VG.

http://www.aftenposten.no/english/local/article1413929.ece

(Aftenposten Web Desks)

www.safsaf.org

 

Clumsy fall in familiar trap

Middle East researcher Hilde Henriksen Waage believes that Jostein Gaarder's intention of debating Israeli policy has drowned in familiar cries of anti-Semitism, especially due to his muddled argumentation

 

"If I had read Jostein Gaarder's article before it went to print I would have, pointedly, advised him: Get police protection, get a lawyer and leave the country," Henriksen Waage told Aftenposten.no.

"He has been hit with the same accusations that all others who try to discuss the policy of the state of Israel, namely accusations of anti-Semitism," said the associate professor at the University of Oslo.

"This label is used to hinder discussion. Instead of having a discussion of Israel's war in the Middle East, which was Gaarder's intention, we have a discussion about Jostein Gaarder," Henriksen Waage said. "When I first read it, I thought, 'this is a gift to the Friends of Israel'".

She believes that Gaarder's approach is equally responsible for the strong reactions provoked.

"It is clear that the literary, nearly biblical, techniques used have not gone over well," she said.

Henriksen Waage would rather have discussed Gaarder's "hodgepodge of arguments", but the researcher instead sees everything being deafened by the accusations of anti-Semitism.

Henriksen Waage doubts that Gaarder will manage to get the debate back on track, but if he is to try he needs to communicate and explain his intentions clearly.

Aftenposten's Norwegian reporter
Hans Marius Tonstad
Aftenposten English Web Desk
Jonathan Tisdall

http://www.aftenposten.no/english/local/article1414428.ece

www.safsaf.org

Hate mail and dialogue

As culture journalist Mona Levin and author Jostein Gaarder continue to debate the latter's harsh criticism of recent Israeli policy, mutual understanding has begun to grow.

After yet another verbal duel, Mona Levin and Jostein Gaarder continue their discussion after a national television segment aped atop Oslo's City Hall.

"If you knew what I have gotten via e-mail, SMS and telephone," Levin tells Gaarder.

"Very many begin with: 'Gaarder is right - Israel should be erased.' And this is important for you to know. Because this is how you have been read. Do you think it is amusing to be thought to be behind this?" Levin says, and shows a sampling of the messages she has received.

* "All Jews are just shit."* "Israel is a gangster state."* "Gaarder is right."* "Hitler was right."

On Monday Levin received at least 150 e-mails, SMS and telephone messages, and she estimates that 20 percent were malicious.

"I cannot understand how someone can reach such conclusions from what I wrote. I have two thoughts: This makes me terribly sad. I care about people, and so also Mona Levin. If this is the case I am deeply unhappy. But we must also have freedom of speech," says Gaarder, and pulls out his own mobile phone.

"Don't apologize, Jostein. Instead ask people to read the article properly ... I have several good Jewish friends who despair of the situation and who support you," reads one SMS message from an author colleague.

Levin says she has trouble believing this, and Gaarder proceeds to read out other, similar, messages from colleagues who have read Gaarder as he intended to be read.

Détente?
The problem can be one of miscommunication, Gaarder wants to discuss Israel while Levin is most concerned with the consequences of what Gaarder has written. Gaarder will reexamine his piece word by word, he wants to reach an accord with Levin.

"The best thing would be if I manage to convince him," Levin says.

"You have convinced me, a bit," says Gaarder.

"Did you hear that! And I agree that you are no anti-Semite," Levin says.

"I wish that we could meet and reach a reconciliation," Gaarder says.

"We can go out and have dinner one day," is Levin's reply, though the debate is not yet over.

Aftenposten's Norwegian reporter
Åshild Bekke Eidem
Aftenposten English Web Desk
Jonathan Tisdall

http://www.aftenposten.no/english/local/article1414191.ece

 

www.safsaf.org